Hepatic Encephalopathy
Report Design
A design of Hepatic Encephalopathy Project report for the Gastroenterologist Department of University of Alberta.
Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) occurs in ~50-70% of individuals who have cirrhosis. It is one of the most incapacitating complications. HE is defined as a dysfunction in the brain caused by poor liver function. It includes a variety of neurological or psychiatric abnormalities, ranging from mild confusion to coma. Generally, HE can be categorized into covert HE (CHE) or overt HE (OHE), with the latter indicating more significant neurological and physical impairment. OHE can present with personality changes and alterations in the level of consciousness and motor function. During episodes of OHE, patients are unable to care for themselves. Even CHE is associated with a risk for falls, poor quality of life, and driving impairment.
Unlike other complications of cirrhosis, HE affects both diagnosed individuals and those who care for them. For caregivers, the burden can be significant in terms of employment, psychological health, and social disruptions. Caregivers play an important role in monitoring for symptoms of HE and describing potential changes to physicians.
Improved management of HE can be addressed through continuing clinical education for physicians and the development of materials for patients and caregivers. A journey map depicting the patient experience of HE can provide the opportunity for physicians to standardize treatment according to best practices and promote positive patient outcomes by assisting patients to participate in treatment decision